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The major congenital birth defects are Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), and Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDS), which can be found even as they age. Under these circumstances, the blood flows from the left side of the heart to the right side, and as a result, the heart reels under a lot of workload. In recent times, advanced closure methods have come in handy to correct these congenital defects.
Children born with Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), and Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) need this procedure.
A minimally invasive technique, it is done by inserting a catheter via the groin and then guided to the heart. After reaching the defective spot, a device that looks like a tiny umbrella gets placed, which not only regulates the blood flow but also closes the defect over time.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus, or PDA, is a congenital heart condition in which ductus arteriosus, a blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery to the proximal descending aorta, doesn't close after birth. This causes some of he oxygenated blood from the left heart to go back to the lungs causing severe pulmonary hypertension.
The complications include loss of weight, severe shortness of breath, heart failure, etc.
Major Aortopulmonary Collateral Occlusion or Mapcas is another type of congenital heart ailment where the bronchial arteries that supply blood to the lungs remain underdeveloped. If not treated, these arteries become stenotic and get narrow, which may lead to congestive heart failure.
PDA/MAPCAS are treated with Coil Closure. It is done to close the opening between the aorta and pulmonary artery through a minimally invasive procedure.
The surgeon will insert a catheter through the groin, neck, or arm and use one or more coils to close the Patent Ductus Arteriosus. And for MAPCA, a similar procedure is followed, but the end result is about grouping the collateral arteries and diverting the deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart.
In certain cases, like the Coarctation of the Aorta, which is the narrowing of the artery at birth, the baby might require balloon dilation and stenting.
